Biology

What is Crossing Over? Discuss its Importance

The special process of cell division by which part exchange takes place between the non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes is known as crossing over. Chromosome gets the new arrangement of genes.

Types of crossing over On the basis of the number of chiasma, crossing-over may be of two types-

(1) Mono-crossing-over and

(2) Di-crossing-over.

(1) Mono-crossing over: In this case chiasma is formed only in a single point.

(2) Di-crossing over: In this case chinsma is formed in two different points.

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Importance of Crossing-over:

  • Part exchange occurs in between the homologous chromosomes coming from the parents. This part exchange results the changed characteristics in the new generation.
  • Crossing-over brings about variation in the new generation which accelerates the formation of new species through evolution.