Sample Question: Electron Spin and Orbital Angular Momentum
Chemistry

Sample Question: Electron Spin and Orbital Angular Momentum

From atomic structure we know an electron can only have has an intrinsic spin vector of s = 1/2. From quantum mechanics the magnitude of…
Magnetic Sector Mass Spectrometer
Chemistry

Magnetic Sector Mass Spectrometer

A cation of charge q travelling with a velocity v enters a magnetic field B at right angles (θ = 90°) to the field and…
Sample Question: Methane Structure
Chemistry

Sample Question: Methane Structure

Methane is tetrahedral, that is it fits inside a cube with the carbon atom at the intersection of any two diagonals, which is at the…
HMO Theory for Cyclobutadiene
Chemistry

HMO Theory for Cyclobutadiene

HMO theory is an approximate theory that gives a quick picture of the molecular orbital energy diagram of organic conjugated molecules. (a) Write down the…
Calculate Vector Addition Dipole Moments of Molecules?
Chemistry

Calculate Vector Addition Dipole Moments of Molecules?

Dipole moments occur when there is a separation of charge. When atoms in a molecule share electrons unequally, they create what is called a dipole…
Calculate the Absorption of Light by Polar Molecules?
Chemistry

Calculate the Absorption of Light by Polar Molecules?

It is possible to arrange molecules so that the bond dipoles all point in a particular direction. Below Figure shows the alignment of carbonyl bonds…
Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer
Chemistry

Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer

A time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometer is sketched below- The TOF MS is all under a vacuum. A pulsed laser fires a pulse of…
Sample Question: Hydrogen Halide Dipole Moments
Chemistry

Sample Question: Hydrogen Halide Dipole Moments

The magnitudes of the four hydrogen halide dipoles are given below. Firstly, using vector notation, express the magnitudes of the HF, HBr and the HI…
Sample Question: HMO Theory for Cyclopropenyl Cation, Radical and Anion
Chemistry

Sample Question: HMO Theory for Cyclopropenyl Cation, Radical and Anion

Sample Question: HMO Theory for Cyclopropenyl Cation, Radical, and Anion. (a) Write down the Hiickel secular determinant for the cyclic three C-atoms in terms of…
Sample Question: HMO Theory for 1,3-Butadiene
Chemistry

Sample Question: HMO Theory for 1,3-Butadiene

(a) Write down the Hiickel secular determinant for the four C-atoms of butadiene in terms of x, where x = (α – E)/β. (b) Solve…
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