Chemical Bond

Some elements (such as carbon and silicon) are most stable when each atom forms several covalent bonds to other atoms. This means that some of…

Ionic solids have no free electrons. Any charged particles (including ions) can carry electric current, but in an ionic solid the ions are trapped in…

In ionic solids, there are strong, electrostatic attractive forces between the positive and negative ions. To melt the solid, these very strong forces must be…

There are 14 different types of crystal unit cell structures or lattices are found in nature. However most metals and many other solids have unit…

An X-ray analysis shows that the ions in solids are arranged in different patterns. The exact arrangement of the ions in an ionic lattice varies…

Ionic Compounds: Ionic compounds are crystalline solids. A crystal has a regular shape with flat sides (“faces”), and consistent angles between the faces. This is…

Because the electrons are free to move around the metal lattice, they can easily move through the metal when a potential difference is applied —…

Giant Metal structures, Metal atoms are arranged in layers. The atoms are as close together as possible – a “close-packed” crystal structure. This close-packing explains the…

H has the lowest electronegativity of any of the non-metals, so all bonds involving H are very polar. Thus compounds with O-H, N-H or F-H…

A molecule will have an overall dipole (i.e. be polar) if: It has polar bonds and The overall shape of the molecules is such that…